Copyright © 2022 Society for Meridian and Acupoint. / Powered by INFOrang Co., Ltd
Details of fire acupuncture treatment in South Korean studies
| Author, year | Study design | Disease | Frequency | Treatment duration | Number of sessions | Acupoints | Depth of insertion (mm) | Needle manipulation (supplementation and draining method) | Needle retention time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Local | Distal | |||||||||
| Fire acupuncture | ||||||||||
| Park, 199815) | Case reports | Coldness of whole body or limbs | NA | NA | NA | NA | GV7, CV4, LI11, LI4, ST36, LU9 | NA | NA | Immediately |
| Ahn, 200018) | CCT (cross-over) | Healthy adult | 1/3 day | 1∼3 days | 1 | None | LI4, ST36 | NA | NA | Immediately (unclear) |
| Electronic fire acupuncture | ||||||||||
| Cha, 201519) | CCT | Shoulder pain (ALS) | 2/week | 4 weeks | 8 | LU2, HT1, SI9, SI11, GB21, TE14 | None | NA | NA | NA (3∼5-sec Electrical stimulation) |
| “warm needling”-like | ||||||||||
| Chang, 201116) | RCT | Low back pain | 2/week | Unclear (about 14 days) | 3 | Sacroiliac articulation | NA | 35 | NA | NA (3∼5-times heating) |
| Jung, 201517) | RCT | Lumbar herniated intervertebral disc | 1/day | 16 days | >7 (unclear) | Bilateral GB30, ischium, BL23 GV3, GV4, | NA | 20∼40 | NA | 15-min |
| An, 200938) | Case reports | Anterior talofibular ligament injury | 1/week | 1∼2 weeks | 1∼2 | Tender points | NA | Up to periosteal | NA | NA (5∼7-sec heating) |
| An, 201039) | Case reports | Calcaneofibular ligament injury | 1/week | Various | 1∼2 | Tender points | NA | Up to periosteal | NA | NA (5∼7-sec heating) |
| Jang, 201040) | Case reports | lliolumbar ligament sprain | 1/week | 7∼14 days | 1∼2 | Bilateral BL26 | NA | 40∼50 | NA | NA (5∼7-sec heating, 2 times) |
| Jahng, 201141) | Case reports | Ankle sprain | 1/week | Various | 1∼2 | Tender points | NA | Up to periosteal | NA | NA (5∼7-sec heating) |
| Jang, 201142) | Case reports | Anterior talofibular ligament injury | 1/week | Various | 2 | Tender points | NA | Up to periosteal | NA | NA (5∼7-sec heating) |
| Han, 200220) | Case reports | Stable compression fracture | 1/2 day | 8-day | 4 | Spinous process of the 12th thoracic vertebra | NA | 20 | NA | NA (2∼3-min heating) |
| Kim, 200721) | Case reports | Sacroiliac joint syndrome | 1/day | 5 days | 5 | BL26, BL28 (one place each) | NA | 20 | NA | NA |
| Ko, 200922) | Case reports | Medial collateral ligament injury | 1/2 day | 6 days | 3 | Affected part | NA | NA | NA | Immediately (30∼60-sec heating) |
| Kim, 201023) | Case reports | Post-stroke patient with shoulder pain | 1/day | 7 days | 7 | SI11 | NA | NA | NA | NA (3 times heating) |
| Lee, 201024) | Case reports | Traumatic injury of medial collateral ligament | 1/2 day∼1/week | 1∼20 days | 1∼3 | Affected part | NA | 5∼10 | NA | Immediately (2∼3 times heating) |
| Lim, 201025) | Case reports | Biceps tendinitis | 3/week | Unclear | 5 | Ashi points | NA | 10∼15 | NA | NA (5∼6-min heating) |
| Yeon, 201026) | Case reports | Low back pain (ALS) | NA | NA | NA | Tender points | NA | NA | NA | Immediately (3∼4 times heating) |
| Kim, 201127) | Case reports | Internal derangement of knee | 1/7∼10 day | 18 days | 3 | Affected part | NA | 8∼12 | NA | 10 min. |
| Lee, 201128) | Case reports | Trigger finger | Irregular | 67∼89 days | 10∼18 | Ashi points | NA | Up to periosteal | NA | Immediately |
| Kim, 201229) | Case reports | Ligament ischiofemorale injury treated | 1/5∼7 day | 18 days | 3 | Affected part | NA | 0.40x40 mm needle: 30∼35 0.5x60 mm needle: 45∼50 |
NA | 10 min (15∼20-sec heating, 3 times) |
| Lee, 201230) | Case reports | Ankle ligament injury | 1/3 day | 13∼16 days | 5∼7 | Tender points | NA | Up to periosteal | NA | NA (5∼7-sec heating) |
| Lim, 201231) | Case reports | Postpartum low back pain | 1/3 day | 13∼19 days | 3∼4 | Tender points | NA | 20∼25 | NA | NA (15∼20-sec, 2∼3 times) |
| Park, 201232) | Case reports | External epicondylitis | 1/1∼10 day | 2∼52 days | 2∼7 | Ashi points | LI10, or LI11, or none | Up to periosteal | NA | Immediately (10∼15-sec heating) |
| Yeon, 201233) | Case reports | lumbar ligament sprain | 1/day, NA | 1 days, NA | 1, NA | Affected part | NA | 40∼50 | NA | NA (10∼15-sec, 3 times) |
| Son, 201334) | Case reports | Spondylolisthesis | 1/day | 13∼29 days | 13∼29 | L3-4, L4-5, or L5-S1 | NA | 40 | NA | NA |
| Hong, 201435) | Case reports | Frozen shoulder | 2∼3/week | 13∼36 days | 1∼11 | Ashi points | NA | 10∼15 | NA | NA (5∼6-sec heating) |
| Kim, 201736) | Case reports | Vertebrae compression fracture | 1/day | 2∼8 days | 2∼8 | GV4, GV5, GV8, GV9, GV10, or L1∼3 | NA | 15∼20 | NA | NA (3∼5-sec heating) |
| Suh, 201737) | Case reports | Rotator cuff tear | 1/day | 6 days | 6 | Tenderness points | NA | 10∼15 | NA | Immediately (5∼10-sec heating, 3 times) |
ATFL : anterior talofibular ligament, CCT : controlled clinical trial, CFL : calcaneofibular ligament, NA : not available, PTFL : posterior talofibular ligament, RCT : randomized controlled trial.